Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
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Materials:
Procedure: The
procedure used was from the BC Science 10 textbook on page 278
Results:
Part 1:
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Hot
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Cold
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Warm
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Temperature
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69OC
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6OC
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32OC
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Prediction
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N/A
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N/A
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4-5 minutes
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Time to dissolve the
effervescent tablets
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2 minutes 17 seconds
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Stopped at 5 minutes
(40% Dissolved)
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Stopped at 5 minutes
(70% Dissolve)
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Part 2:
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KI
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CuCl2
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NaCl
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Observations
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Turned yellow and
bubbled steadily. After 2 and a half minutes, it overflowed out of the test
tube.
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Turned blue and
reacted quickly for about 30 seconds before settling half way up the test tub
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Not very much happened
in the reaction.
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Part 3:
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Less Powder
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More Powder
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Not a lot seemed to
happen. When tested out with a stir stick, the powder was slightly solid.
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Again, not a lot was
going on. But it solidified quicker and stronger.
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Discussion
Analyze:
-There is a
very noticeable relationship between temperature and rate of reaction. The
higher the temperature, the faster the molecules will move, and the more
collisions you will get.
-My
prediction was incorrect. I assumed that the warmth of the water would be
enough to dissolve the tablet, but in fact, it did not do very much better than
the cold water.
-I think
that of the additives to the hydrogen peroxide solution, the KI, and CuCl2
worked well as catalysts. It was obvious to us though that the KI sped up the
reaction the best as it continuously bubbled for well over 5 minutes.
-When
you’re looking at surface area, a powder (in the case of the question 5g of
sodium carbonate) would have more exposure to everything else than a lump.
Powders will have thousands of faces exposed; lumps may only have a few.
-In step 3,
the more exposed area to the reaction helped the decomposition out by speeding
up the process in which it happened.
Conclude
and Apply:
If there
was a reaction with finely ground powder and a concentrated acid, there would
be a few ways that you could slow it down. These include using a less
concentrated acid and not using a powdered form of a reactant. Another way
could be cooling down the temperature of the reactants prior to combining them
for the reaction.
Conclusion
This lab
proved that temperature, surface area, and catalysts are all successful in
speeding up the process of a chemical reaction. Whether it’s temperature,
surface area, concentration or a catalyst, it was made obvious to us that you
can drastically increase or decrease the amount of time it can take to produce
a product through a chemical reaction.
